This is a good time to look forward to 2012/13 and assess who will be earning what in your family. The level of personal allowances (tax free income) have increased significantly over the last two years, and are expected to increase again in 2012/13 to at least £8,105 per person.
This allowance cannot be transferred between family members, so if some people in your family are earning less than this, their personal allowance is going to waste.
Strategies you may consider to avoid wastage of the personal allowance include:
- Employing your spouse or children in your business, perhaps on a part-time basis.
- Transferring an income-producing asset, such as a let property or savings account into the name of the lower earning spouse.
- Taking on a family member as a partner in your business, so they can share some of the profits.
- Ensuring the higher earner makes all the Gift Aid donations to charities from the family.
These changes should be made as soon as possible to gain the maximum advantage in 2012/13. The strategies need to be implemented correctly so please contact us for advice before proceeding.
Remember the Government plans to withdraw child benefit in 2013 from parents where either person pays tax at 40% or higher. To retain your child benefit (worth at least £1,055 per year) you need to ensure your taxable income is below the 40% threshold, which is set at £34,370 after allowances for 2012/13.
Thursday, 1 March 2012
Tax Efficient Investments
Most allowances for tax efficient investments are fixed for each tax year and cannot be carried over to the next year if not used. If you have money to invest you may want use your allowance for 2011/12, or in some cases wait until 2012/13 when new rules and new limits apply.
Here is a brief summary of the 2011/12 and 2012/13 investment limits:
EIS
Investors who subscribe for shares under the Enterprise Investment Scheme (EIS) can currently receive income tax relief at 30% of up to £500,000 invested in one year. This annual cap will rise to £1 million from 6 April 2012. However, any amount can be invested in EIS shares to defer tax due on a capital gain made in the period up to three years before the EIS shares were acquired, or to up to one year later. An investment in EIS shares can be treated as if it was made in the previous tax year, to apply the income tax relief against the taxpayer's tax due for the earlier year.
The conditions companies need to meet to raise funds using EIS are also being relaxed from April 2012. These conditions are still very complex so talk to us first before making a decision to use the EIS scheme.
SEIS
The Seed Enterprise Investment Scheme (SEIS) is a new scheme due to start from 6 April 2012, subject to the law being passed by Parliament. This will operate like a mini version of the EIS, but the scheme will only be available for five years. The maximum investment by a taxpayer in one tax year will be £100,000, with income tax relief given at 50% of the invested amount. Any gains made on the SEIS shares will also be tax free as long as the investment conditions are not broken and the shares are held for at least three years. In addition if you make a capital gain in 2012/13 (on any asset), you can invest that gain in SEIS shares and achieve 100% tax exemption on that gain. Thus the maximum tax relief for investing in SEIS shares could be 78% of the amount invested.
VCT
Investing in shares issued by a Venture Capital Trust (VCT) will give you 30% income tax relief on the amount invested, capped at £200,000 per tax year. This investment limit is not expected to increase in 2012/13. Dividends and gains from the VCT are tax free if the VCT shares are held for at least five years.
ISA
Individual Savings Accounts (ISAs) can be taken out as cash only accounts (maximum £5,340) or stocks and shares accounts up to £10,680. These limits are for 2011/12. The investment limits for 2012/13 are £5,640 for cash only accounts and £11,280 for stocks and shares.
You can now open a Junior ISA (up to £3,600 per year) for children aged under 18, who do not already have a child trust fund account in their name. Individuals who are aged 16 or 17 can also open a standard cash only ISA in addition to the Junior ISA.
Here is a brief summary of the 2011/12 and 2012/13 investment limits:
EIS
Investors who subscribe for shares under the Enterprise Investment Scheme (EIS) can currently receive income tax relief at 30% of up to £500,000 invested in one year. This annual cap will rise to £1 million from 6 April 2012. However, any amount can be invested in EIS shares to defer tax due on a capital gain made in the period up to three years before the EIS shares were acquired, or to up to one year later. An investment in EIS shares can be treated as if it was made in the previous tax year, to apply the income tax relief against the taxpayer's tax due for the earlier year.
The conditions companies need to meet to raise funds using EIS are also being relaxed from April 2012. These conditions are still very complex so talk to us first before making a decision to use the EIS scheme.
SEIS
The Seed Enterprise Investment Scheme (SEIS) is a new scheme due to start from 6 April 2012, subject to the law being passed by Parliament. This will operate like a mini version of the EIS, but the scheme will only be available for five years. The maximum investment by a taxpayer in one tax year will be £100,000, with income tax relief given at 50% of the invested amount. Any gains made on the SEIS shares will also be tax free as long as the investment conditions are not broken and the shares are held for at least three years. In addition if you make a capital gain in 2012/13 (on any asset), you can invest that gain in SEIS shares and achieve 100% tax exemption on that gain. Thus the maximum tax relief for investing in SEIS shares could be 78% of the amount invested.
VCT
Investing in shares issued by a Venture Capital Trust (VCT) will give you 30% income tax relief on the amount invested, capped at £200,000 per tax year. This investment limit is not expected to increase in 2012/13. Dividends and gains from the VCT are tax free if the VCT shares are held for at least five years.
ISA
Individual Savings Accounts (ISAs) can be taken out as cash only accounts (maximum £5,340) or stocks and shares accounts up to £10,680. These limits are for 2011/12. The investment limits for 2012/13 are £5,640 for cash only accounts and £11,280 for stocks and shares.
You can now open a Junior ISA (up to £3,600 per year) for children aged under 18, who do not already have a child trust fund account in their name. Individuals who are aged 16 or 17 can also open a standard cash only ISA in addition to the Junior ISA.
Working from Home
If you work from home as an employee or director of your own company, or for any other employer, you can claim £3 per week (tax free) to reimburse you for the costs of running your home as your work-base. This claim needs to be made to your employer directly, not to the Taxman.
If the additional costs of running your home while you work there exceed £3 per week you can put in a higher claim for the costs incurred, but you do need to back-up that claim with copies of energy bills etc. You also need to work out the additional costs quite precisely, which can be tricky, but is possible if you are methodical. We can help you calculate the amount to claim and advise on what evidence you need to keep. If you just claim the flat £3 per week, you don't have to provide any calculations or evidence in the form of bills.
The Taxman has just announced that the £3 per week expense limit for working at home is to increase to £4 per week from 6 April 2012. It was last increased from £2 to £3 per week on 6 April 2008, so an increase is well over-due.
If the additional costs of running your home while you work there exceed £3 per week you can put in a higher claim for the costs incurred, but you do need to back-up that claim with copies of energy bills etc. You also need to work out the additional costs quite precisely, which can be tricky, but is possible if you are methodical. We can help you calculate the amount to claim and advise on what evidence you need to keep. If you just claim the flat £3 per week, you don't have to provide any calculations or evidence in the form of bills.
The Taxman has just announced that the £3 per week expense limit for working at home is to increase to £4 per week from 6 April 2012. It was last increased from £2 to £3 per week on 6 April 2008, so an increase is well over-due.
Capital Exemptions and Losses
You can make up to £10,600 of capital gains in 2011/12 and pay no tax on that amount, as it should be covered by your annual capital gains exemption. If you have not used this annual exemption in 2011/12, check whether you can make any disposals which will crystallise gains before 6 April 2012. Individuals who have non-domicile status may not qualify for this annual exemption.
The annual exemption limit will be frozen in 2012/13 at £10,600. Any unused exemption for 2011/12 cannot be carried forward or passed on to a spouse. However, you can pass assets to your spouse or civil partner tax free. Then on the sale of the asset your spouse's annual exemption can be set against the gain.
The gift of the asset to your spouse must be done well in advance of the sale, with the correct legal documents drawn up. Take legal advice if you are not sure how to change the ownership of an asset.
If you have assets that have reduced in value so they are now worth almost nothing, you can make use of that loss by making a negligible value claim. If you submit the claim in 2011/12 you can ask for the loss to be treated as arising in 2010/11 or 2009/10 if the asset was also virtually worthless at that earlier date. This is useful, as capital losses can generally only be carried forward, not backwards
The annual exemption limit will be frozen in 2012/13 at £10,600. Any unused exemption for 2011/12 cannot be carried forward or passed on to a spouse. However, you can pass assets to your spouse or civil partner tax free. Then on the sale of the asset your spouse's annual exemption can be set against the gain.
The gift of the asset to your spouse must be done well in advance of the sale, with the correct legal documents drawn up. Take legal advice if you are not sure how to change the ownership of an asset.
If you have assets that have reduced in value so they are now worth almost nothing, you can make use of that loss by making a negligible value claim. If you submit the claim in 2011/12 you can ask for the loss to be treated as arising in 2010/11 or 2009/10 if the asset was also virtually worthless at that earlier date. This is useful, as capital losses can generally only be carried forward, not backwards
Wednesday, 1 February 2012
Closing Down Your Company
If you are in the process of closing down your company, or are thinking of doing so, you need to know about the change in the tax law from 1 March 2012.
If your company contains significant value, you will want to extract the cash and assets in the most tax efficient manner. Until now you could ask the Taxman to apply concession C16 to the payments made during an informal winding-up up of the company. Concession C16 allows the payments made to shareholders (known as distributions) to be taxed as capital gains. Shareholders who were also officers or employees of the company may be able to claim entrepreneurs' relief on those gains, which means the gain is taxed at just 10%.
Concession C16 is generally granted when the company has paid all its creditors, including the Taxman, and the owners promise not to start-up the same business in a different company. Concession C16 will cease to apply from 1 March 2012, and will be replaced by a new law as follows:
- Where the distributions are more than £25,000 in total, all those distributions will be subject to income tax (at rates of 25% or 36.11%), in the hands of the shareholders.
- Where the total value of the distributions to the shareholders of the company is no more than £25,000, the entire amount will be taxed as capital gains (at 10% where entrepreneurs' relief applies, or at 18% or 28% otherwise).
- Payments made as part of an informal winding-up on or after 1 March 2012, will be subject to the new law even if permission to use concession C16 was previously given.
- It doesn't matter on what date the company is finally dissolved or struck-off, it is the date on which the distribution is made that counts.
If your company holds significant value and you want to close it down, you can opt to use a formal liquidation. This will allow all the distributions to be treated as capital gains and for the lower tax rates to apply. However, a registered liquidator may charge a fee of £5000 or more to undertake the liquidation.
If your company contains significant value, you will want to extract the cash and assets in the most tax efficient manner. Until now you could ask the Taxman to apply concession C16 to the payments made during an informal winding-up up of the company. Concession C16 allows the payments made to shareholders (known as distributions) to be taxed as capital gains. Shareholders who were also officers or employees of the company may be able to claim entrepreneurs' relief on those gains, which means the gain is taxed at just 10%.
Concession C16 is generally granted when the company has paid all its creditors, including the Taxman, and the owners promise not to start-up the same business in a different company. Concession C16 will cease to apply from 1 March 2012, and will be replaced by a new law as follows:
- Where the distributions are more than £25,000 in total, all those distributions will be subject to income tax (at rates of 25% or 36.11%), in the hands of the shareholders.
- Where the total value of the distributions to the shareholders of the company is no more than £25,000, the entire amount will be taxed as capital gains (at 10% where entrepreneurs' relief applies, or at 18% or 28% otherwise).
- Payments made as part of an informal winding-up on or after 1 March 2012, will be subject to the new law even if permission to use concession C16 was previously given.
- It doesn't matter on what date the company is finally dissolved or struck-off, it is the date on which the distribution is made that counts.
If your company holds significant value and you want to close it down, you can opt to use a formal liquidation. This will allow all the distributions to be treated as capital gains and for the lower tax rates to apply. However, a registered liquidator may charge a fee of £5000 or more to undertake the liquidation.
Penalties for Late Payment of PAYE
PAYE and other payroll deductions need to clear Taxman's bank account by 19th of the month, if paid by cheque. Electronic payments can arrive by 22nd of the month, or the last banking day before that date.
If you use the faster payments service (FPS) to make your PAYE payment, the amount transferred will clear the Taxman's bank account the same or next day. However, there are limits on the amounts that can be transferred per day and per transaction using FPS, which vary from bank to bank. So check what limit your bank applies.
Late payments of PAYE will result in an automatic penalty of up to 4% of the PAYE that was paid late. You are permitted to make one late payment of PAYE during the tax year, but two or more late payments will mean that a penalty will be charged after the end of the year.
In addition, if you have still not paid after six months you may have to pay a further penalty of 5 per cent. A further penalty of 5 per cent may be charged if you have not paid after 12 months. These apply where only one payment in the tax year is late.
The Taxman has already issued many penalties for late payment of PAYE in 2010/11, and some of these penalties have been calculated incorrectly. If you receive a penalty notice, please ask us to check it as soon as it arrives. Any appeal must be submitted within 30 days.
If you use the faster payments service (FPS) to make your PAYE payment, the amount transferred will clear the Taxman's bank account the same or next day. However, there are limits on the amounts that can be transferred per day and per transaction using FPS, which vary from bank to bank. So check what limit your bank applies.
Late payments of PAYE will result in an automatic penalty of up to 4% of the PAYE that was paid late. You are permitted to make one late payment of PAYE during the tax year, but two or more late payments will mean that a penalty will be charged after the end of the year.
In addition, if you have still not paid after six months you may have to pay a further penalty of 5 per cent. A further penalty of 5 per cent may be charged if you have not paid after 12 months. These apply where only one payment in the tax year is late.
The Taxman has already issued many penalties for late payment of PAYE in 2010/11, and some of these penalties have been calculated incorrectly. If you receive a penalty notice, please ask us to check it as soon as it arrives. Any appeal must be submitted within 30 days.
Confessing to Tax Fraud
The Taxman is currently writing to taxpayers who are suspected of tax fraud, asking them to make a full disclosure of their wrong-doing under the contractual disclosure facility (CDF).
If you receive a letter offering the CDF, it is a very serious matter. The Taxman has taken a view that he could launch a criminal investigation into your tax affairs, but has decided that a criminal case is not cost-effective. Instead he is offering you a binding agreement to come clean, with the promise of low penalties.
You only have 60 days to decide whether to accept the CDF. If you don't reply in that period, the Taxman will start a formal investigation into your tax affairs, which could result in a criminal case. The CDF letter will also contain a denial letter, which you can sign and return if you believe you have no involvement in tax fraud.
Before you make any response to a CDF offer, please discuss the matter with us in confidence.
If you receive a letter offering the CDF, it is a very serious matter. The Taxman has taken a view that he could launch a criminal investigation into your tax affairs, but has decided that a criminal case is not cost-effective. Instead he is offering you a binding agreement to come clean, with the promise of low penalties.
You only have 60 days to decide whether to accept the CDF. If you don't reply in that period, the Taxman will start a formal investigation into your tax affairs, which could result in a criminal case. The CDF letter will also contain a denial letter, which you can sign and return if you believe you have no involvement in tax fraud.
Before you make any response to a CDF offer, please discuss the matter with us in confidence.
Subscribe to:
Posts (Atom)
